International Journal of Progressive Education
ISSN (Print): 2834-7919 - ISSN (Online): 1554-5210

Original article    |    Open Access
International Journal of Progressive Education 2021, Vol. 17(4) 308-326

An Inquiry on the Third Mission of Universities: The Measurement of Universities’ Contribution to the Social, Cultural and Economic Development of a City

Özge Altıntaş & Omer Kutlu

pp. 308 - 326   |  DOI: https://doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2021.366.19

Publish Date: August 08, 2021  |   Number of Views: 587  |  Number of Download: 1031

PDF Download

Abstract

“Development” is a kind of growth that leads to the transformation of social and official organisms including innovation in cultural values, worldview, and consumption and behaviour patterns. Accordingly, development is a living organism as indicated by developments in many fields such as economics, science, art, sports, education, democracy, and freedom to improve prosperity. Since development begins with innovation in human resources and national development processes depends on regional and urban development, education, and educational institutes can be accepted as one of the initiatives and accelerative factors of development. Therefore, the role of city universities is important in the development of cities and countries. The purpose of this study is to determine the contribution of four major universities in Ankara to the social, cultural, and economic development of the city. The data were collected by a structured questionnaire, which was developed by the researchers to be used in interviewing with vice rectors of these four universities. Three of those vice rectors are from state universities, and one of them is from a private university. The qualitative data were analyzed by descriptive analysis. On the basis of results, it is concluded that universities in Ankara play their “third mission” by contributing to the development of their surroundings.

Keywords: City and the University, Social Development of a City, Cultural Development of a City, Economic Development of a City, Universities’ Contribution to a City

How to Cite this Article?

APA 7th edition
Altintas, O., & Kutlu, O. (2021). An Inquiry on the Third Mission of Universities: The Measurement of Universities’ Contribution to the Social, Cultural and Economic Development of a City. International Journal of Progressive Education, 17(4), 308-326. https://doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2021.366.19

Harvard
Altintas, O. and Kutlu, O. (2021). An Inquiry on the Third Mission of Universities: The Measurement of Universities’ Contribution to the Social, Cultural and Economic Development of a City. International Journal of Progressive Education, 17(4), pp. 308-326.

Chicago 16th edition
Altintas, Ozge and Omer Kutlu (2021). "An Inquiry on the Third Mission of Universities: The Measurement of Universities’ Contribution to the Social, Cultural and Economic Development of a City". International Journal of Progressive Education 17 (4):308-326. https://doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2021.366.19

References
  1. Agasisti, T., & Bertoletti, A. (2020). Higher education and economic growth: A longitudinal study of European regions 2000-2017. Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, In Press, Corrected Proof. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seps.2020.100940 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  2. Albulescu, I. & Albulescu, M. (2014). The university in the community: The university’s contribution to local and regional development by providing educational services for adults. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 142, 5-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.07.578 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  3. Arslan, K. (2005). Bölgesel kalkınma farklılıklarının giderilmesinde etkin bir araç: Bölgesel planlama ve bölgesel kalkınma ajansları [Regional planning and regional development agencies as an effective tool in eliminating the differences in regional development levels]. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4(7), 275-294. Retrieved from http://acikerisim.ticaret.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11467/264/M00095.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y [Google Scholar]
  4. Badat, S. (2009, September13-19). The role of higher education in society: Valuing higher education [Paper presentation]. HERS-SA Academy, University of Cape Town Graduate School of Business, Cape Town, South Africa. [Google Scholar]
  5. Benneworth, P., & Cunha, J. (2015). Universities’ contributions to social innovation: Reflections in theory & practice. European Journal of Innovation Management, 18(4), 508-527. Retrieved from https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EJIM-10-2013-0099/full/pdf?title=universities-contributions-to-social-innovation-reflections-in-theory-amp-practice [Google Scholar]
  6. Becker, W. (2003). Evaluation of the role of universities in the innovation process. Discussion Paper Series 241, University of Augsburg Institute for Economics. Retrieved from http://ideas.repec.org/p/aug/augsbe/0241.html#cites [Google Scholar]
  7. Beyazlı, D. Ş., Aydemir, Ş., & Aydemir, S. (2005, Ekim 13-14). Girişimci üniversite, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi-iş dünyası, sorunlar-beklentiler-olası çözümler [Paper presentation]. Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi Kalkınma Sempozyumu, Trabzon, Türkiye. [Google Scholar]
  8. Bonander, C., Jakobsson N., Podestà, F., & Svensson, M. (2016). Universities as engines for regional growth? Using the synthetic control method to analyze the effects of research universities. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 60, 198-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2016.07.008 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  9. Brenner, M. (1982). Response-effects of “role-restricted” characteristics of the interviewer. In W. Dijkstra & J. van der Zouwen (Eds.), Response behaviour in the survey-interview (pp.131-165) London: Academic Press. [Google Scholar]
  10. Cannell, C. F., & Kahn, R. L. (1968). Interviewing. In G. Lindzey & E. Aronson (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology, 2: Research method (pp.526-595). New York: Addison-Wesley. [Google Scholar]
  11. Cassell, J. (1977). The relationship of observer to observed in peer group research. Human Organization, 36(4), 412-416. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/44125795 [Google Scholar]
  12. Charles, D. (2003). Universities and territorial development: Reshaping the regional role of UK universities. Local Economy, 18(1), 7-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269094032000073780 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  13. Chatterton, P. (2000). The cultural role of universities in the community: Revisiting the university-community debate. Environment and Planning, 32(1), 165-182. https://doi.org/10.1068/a3243 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  14. Compagnucci, L., & Spigarelli, F. (2020). The third mission of the university: A systematic literature review on potentials and constraints. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 161, 1-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.120284 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  15. Crosier, D., Purser, L., & Smidt, H. (2007). Trends V: Universities shaping the European higher education area. European University Association (EUA) Report. Belgium: European University Association (EUA) Publications. Retrieved from https://www.eua.eu/downloads/publications/trends%20v%20universities%20shaping%20the%20european%20higher%20education%20area.pdf [Google Scholar]
  16. Çetin, M. (2007). Bölgesel kalkınma ve girişimci üniversiteler [Regional development and entrepreneurial universities]. Ege Akademik Bakış/Ege Academic Review, 7(1), 217-238. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/557011 [Google Scholar]
  17. Fowler, F. J., & Mangione, T. W. (1989). Standardized survey interviewing: Minimizing interviewer-related error. Newbury Park: Sage Publications, Inc. [Google Scholar]
  18. Goddard, J., & Vallance, P. (2013). The university and the city. New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. [Google Scholar]
  19. Guba, E., & Lincoln, Y. (1992). Effective evaluation: Improving the usefulness of evaluation results through responsive and naturalistic approaches. San Francisco: Jossey Bass. [Google Scholar]
  20. Gültekin, N., Çelik, A., & Nas, Z. (2008). Üniversitelerin kuruldukları kente katkıları [Advantages of universities for the cities]. Elektronik Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi/ Electronic Journal of Social Sciences, 7(24), 264-269. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/70029 [Google Scholar]
  21. Gürkan, Ö. & Karataş, M. (2004). Üniversitelerin sosyo-ekonomik gelişmedeki rolü ve önemi (Muğla Üniversitesi örneği). Muğla: Muğla Üniversitesi Yayınları. [Google Scholar]
  22. McCracken, G. D. (1988). The long interview (Qualitative Research Methods Series 13). Newbury Park: Sage Publications, Inc. [Google Scholar]
  23. Nilsson, J. E. (Ed.) (2006). The role of universities in regional innovation systems: A Nordic perspective. Copenhagen: Copenhagen Business School Press. [Google Scholar]
  24. Olo, D. P., Correia, L., & Rego, M. D. (2020). The main challenges of higher education institutions in the 21st century: A focus on entrepreneurship. In D. A. Daniel, A. A. Teixeira, & M. T. Preto (Eds.), Examining the role of entrepreneurial universities in regional development (pp. 1-23). IGI Global. [Google Scholar]
  25. Ongena, Y. (2010). Interviewer and respondent interaction in survey interviews: Empirical evidence from behavior coding studies and question wording experiments. Saarbrucken: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. [Google Scholar]
  26. Özyaba, M. (1999). Kentsel gelişmede üniversitenin rolü (Uludağ Üniversitesi ve Bursa). 3.Geleneksel Mezunlar Buluşması (4-5 Aralık), UMED Uludağ Üniversitesi Mezunlar Derneği, Bursa. [Google Scholar]
  27. Pinto, H., Cruz, A. R., & de Almeida, H. (2016). Academic entrepreneurship and knowledge transfer networks: translation process and boundary organizations. In L. Carvalho (Ed.), Handbook of research on entrepreneurial success and its impact on regional development (pp. 315-344). IGI Global. [Google Scholar]
  28. Reeves-Sanday, P. (1979). The ethnographic paradigm(s). Administrative Science Quarterly, 24(4), 527-538. https://doi.org/10.2307/2392359 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  29. Reichert, S. (2019). EUA study: The role of universities in regional innovation ecosystems. European University Association (EUA) Report. Belgium: European University Association (EUA) Publications. Retrieved from https://eua.eu/downloads/publications/eua%20innovation%20ecosystem%20report%202019v1.1_final_digital.pdf [Google Scholar]
  30. Sargın, S. (2006). Şehirleşme, üniversiteler-üniversitelerin şehirleşmeye etkileri: Isparta örneği. Isparta: Fakülte Kitabevi Yayınları. [Google Scholar]
  31. Schwartz, M. S., & Schwartz, C. G. (1955). Problems in participant observation. American Journal of Sociology, 60(4), 343-353. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2772027 [Google Scholar]
  32. Secundo, G., Perez, S. E., Martinaitis, Ž., & Leitner, K. H. (2017). An intellectual capital framework to measure universities' third mission activities. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 123, 229-239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.12.013 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  33. Sharma, R. S. (2015). Role of universities in development of civil society and social transformation [Paper presentation]. Proceedings of International Academic Conferences, International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences. Retrieved from https://ideas.repec.org/p/sek/iacpro/2604181.html [Google Scholar]
  34. Sudman, S., & Bradburn, N. M. (Eds.) (1974). Response effects in surveys: A review and synthesis. Chicago: Aldine Publishing Company. [Google Scholar]
  35. Sutz, J. (2005). The role of universities in knowledge production. Himalayan Journal of Sciences, 3(5), 53-56. https://doi.org/10.3126/hjs.v3i5.462 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  36. Sürmeli, F. (Ed.) (2008). Anadolu Üniversitesinin Eskişehir’e etkileri ve şehrin üniversiteyi algılayışı. Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Yayınları. [Google Scholar]
  37. Torun, İ., Öztürk, S., & Gelibolu, L. (2009). Yöre halkının üniversiteye bakışı ve beklentileri: Kars Kafkas Üniversitesi örneği [The view of locale people to university and their expectations: The case of Kars Kafkas University]. Manas Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 11(21), 169-189. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/manassosyal/issue/49932/639862 [Google Scholar]
  38. Varga, A. (2003). Agglomeration and the role of universities in regional economic development. In Lengyel, I. (Ed.), 2003: Knowledge transfer, small and medium-sized enterprises, and regional development in Hungary (pp. 15-31). Szeged: JATEPress. [Google Scholar]
  39. Wolfe, D. A. (2005). The role of universities in regional development and cluster formation. In Glen A. Jones, Patricia L. McCarney, & Michael L. Skolnik (Eds.), Creating knowledge, strengthening nations: The changing role of higher education (pp. 167-194). Canada: University of Toronto Press. [Google Scholar]
  40. Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2018). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri [Qualitative research methods in the social sciences] (11th ed.). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık. [Google Scholar]
  41. Yükseköğretim Kanunu [Higher Education Law]. (1981). T.C. Resmî Gazete [Turkish Republic Official Journal], (17506), November 4, 1981, 5347-5394. 4/11/1981 Retrieved from https://www.mevzuat.gov.tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5.2547.pdf [Google Scholar]
Meta
Vol. 17 (4)
Download
Metric
History
Related

Volume 17 Issue 4

August 2021

All Manuscript

International Journal of Progressive Education

Copyright © 2025 International Journal of Progressive Education.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. CC BY
All elements of this website were created using the BOQ™ - Intelligent Webverse System.