International Association of Educators   |  ISSN: 2834-7919   |  e-ISSN: 1554-5210

Original article | International Journal of Progressive Education 2022, Vol. 18(3) 57-70

How do Undergraduates Conceptualize Campus? A Metaphor Analysis

Esin Hazar, Hatice Yıldız & Ebru Bozpolat

pp. 57 - 70   |  DOI: https://doi.org/10.29329/ijpe.2022.439.5   |  Manu. Number: MANU-2111-09-0002.R2

Published online: June 01, 2022  |   Number of Views: 160  |  Number of Download: 333


Abstract

This research examines how Turkish undergraduates construct “campus” metaphors to represent their opinions about campus phenomenon in the context of a Turkish university. The present study adopted a phenomenological approach. The participants of this study were 92 students in the 2020-2021 academic year from different faculties and departments at a university in Turkey. For data collection, a short interview form was used to reveal the perspectives of undergraduates on the phenomenon they have created in their minds for the campus. The form contained a statement with blanks for students to produce a simile and justification. The metaphors generated by the undergraduates are gathered under sixteen conceptual categories after the analysis of metaphors. Among the sixteen conceptual categories, there was no prominent difference in conceptualizations of campus between the groups in terms of study years as regards campus as “Involving diversities”, Provider”, “Designing/manufacturing”, “Source of experience”, “Improver”, “Socializing force”, “Friendship”, “Belonging”, “Source of life”, “Source of different emotions”. On the other hand, differences in terms of study year were marked concerning campus as “Dynamic”, “Undesired”, “Trust”, “Valuable”, “Full of nature”, and “Having borders”. While Freshmen/Sophomores perceived campus as “Trust”, “Full of nature” but “Having borders”, Juniors/Seniors considered campus as “Dynamic”, valuable but “Undesired”. Among the sixteen conceptual categories, there was no difference in conceptualizations of campus between the two groups in terms of gender as regards campus as “Provider”, “Designing/manufacturing”, “Source of experience”, “Improver”, “Friendship”, “Belonging”, “Source of life”, “Source of different emotions”. Nevertheless, differences in terms of gender were marked concerning campus as “Socializing force”, “Dynamic”, “Undesired”, “Trust”, “Valuable”, “Full of nature”, and “Having borders”. Female students perceived campus as a “Socializing force”, “Dynamic”, “Trust”, “Valuable”, and “Full of nature” whereas a male student considered it as “Having borders” like a country.

Keywords: Campus, Undergraduates, Metaphor


How to Cite this Article?

APA 6th edition
Hazar, E., Yildiz, H. & Bozpolat, E. (2022). How do Undergraduates Conceptualize Campus? A Metaphor Analysis . International Journal of Progressive Education, 18(3), 57-70. doi: 10.29329/ijpe.2022.439.5

Harvard
Hazar, E., Yildiz, H. and Bozpolat, E. (2022). How do Undergraduates Conceptualize Campus? A Metaphor Analysis . International Journal of Progressive Education, 18(3), pp. 57-70.

Chicago 16th edition
Hazar, Esin, Hatice Yildiz and Ebru Bozpolat (2022). "How do Undergraduates Conceptualize Campus? A Metaphor Analysis ". International Journal of Progressive Education 18 (3):57-70. doi:10.29329/ijpe.2022.439.5.

References
  1. American Council of Education Board of Directors. (2012). On the importance of diversity in higher education. Retrieved from https://www.acenet.edu/Documents/BoardDiversityStatement-June2012.pdf [Google Scholar]
  2. Association of American Colleges and Universities. (2007). College learning for the new global century.  The Author. [Google Scholar]
  3. Banning, J. H., & Bryner, C. E. (2001). A framework for organizing the scholarship of campus ecology. Colorado State University Journal of Student Affairs, 10, 9-20. [Google Scholar]
  4. Bartel, R. (1983). Metaphors and symbols. National Council of Teachers of English. [Google Scholar]
  5. Başaran, Z., & Demir, A. (2017). The relationship between the students’ socialization and sense of belonging who attended university’s spring festivals. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(12A), 89-95.  [Google Scholar]
  6. Creswell, J. W. (2017). Araştırma deseni: nitel, nicel ve karma yöntem yaklaşımları. (Çev. Ed: S. B. Demir). Eğiten Kitap. [Google Scholar]
  7. Dalgıç, G., Karadeniz, Ş., & Onat, E. C. (2012). Towards a new understanding of university through metaphors. Educational Administration: Theory and Practice, 18(3), 377-398. [Google Scholar]
  8. Demirtaş, H. ve Çoban, D. (2014). Üniversite öğrencilerinin, üniversite ve fakülte kavramlarına ilişkin metaforları (İnönü Üniversitesi Örneği). [University students' metaphors regarding the concepts of university and faculty ]. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 33(1), 113-143 [Google Scholar]
  9. Demirtaş Hasan- Çoban, Duygu (2014), Üniversite öğrencilerinin öğretim elemanlarına ilişkin metaforları [Metaphors of university students about academics]. Kastamonu Üniversitesi Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 22 (3), 1279- 1300. [Google Scholar]
  10. Erçevik, B. ve Önal, F. (2011). The usage of social areas in university campus systems. Megaron, 6(3), 151-161. [Google Scholar]
  11. Ertem, Z.S. (2015). Lise öğrencilerinin üniversite öğrenci ve öğretim elemanlarına ilişkin algılarını etkileyen etmenlerin incelenmesi [The factors that affect high school students’ metaphoric perceptions of university, student and faculty members].  (Unpublished Master Thesis), Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü.  [Google Scholar]
  12. Firat, M., & Yurdakul, I. K. (2012). University Metaphors: A study of Academicians' Perspectives. International Journal of Social Science and Education, 2(2), 2112. [Google Scholar]
  13. Flexner, A. (1994). Universities: American, English, German. Transaction Publishers. [Google Scholar]
  14. Flowers III, A. M., Scott, J. A., Riley, J. R., & Palmer, R. T. (2015). Beyond the call of duty: Building on other mothering for improving outcomes at historically Black colleges and universities. Journal of African American Males in Education (JAAME), 6(1), 59-73. [Google Scholar]
  15. Goldstein, L. S. (2005). Becoming a teacher as a hero’s journey: Using metaphor in preservice teacher education. Teacher Education Quarterly, 32(1), 7–24. [Google Scholar]
  16. Gül, A., Keleş, E., & Uzun, Ö. F. (2016). Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi öğretim elemanları ve öğrencilerinin yerleşke içindeki rekreasyonel talep ve eğilimleri [Recreational demand and trends in the campus students and lecturers of Süleyman Demirel University]. Mimarlık Bilimleri ve Uygulamaları Dergisi, 1(1), 26-43. [Google Scholar]
  17. Hani, L., Nassar, D. M., & Bakr, A. (2020). University campus and students’ emotions: The role of a landscape. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, 249, 71-81. [Google Scholar]
  18. Hwang, Y. (2000). A theory foundation in college student affairs – psychosocial development of college students in Taiwan. Bulletin of Civic and Moral Education, 9, 161–200. [Google Scholar]
  19. Jones, J. B. (2003). Effects of residential learning communities, on-campus housing, and gender on students’ perception of their living environment (Unpublished doctoral dissertation), The College of William and Mary. [Google Scholar]
  20. Kärnä, S. & Julin, P. A. (2015). A framework for measuring student and staff satisfaction with university campus facilities. Quality Assurance in Education. 23(1), 47–66. https://doi.org/10.1108/QAE-10-2013-0041 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  21. Kısabacak-Başgürboğa G., & Açar A. (2019). Private university students’ views on the role of university education. Journal of Higher Education and Science/Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi, 9(3), 529-541. https://doi.org/10.5961/jhes.2019.352 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  22. Korkmaz, F. ve Bağçeci, B. (2013), Lise öğrencilerinin “üniversite” kavramına ilişkin metaforik algıların incelemesi [An investigation of high school students' metaphorical perceptions regarding the concept of "University"]. Bartın Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(1), 187-204. [Google Scholar]
  23. Kuh, G. D., Gonyea, R. M., & Williams, J. M. (2005). What students expect from college and what they get. InT. E. Miller, BE Bender, JH Schuh, & Associates (Eds.), Promoting reasonable expectations: Aligning student and institutional views of the college experience (pp. 34-64). [Google Scholar]
  24. Kuh, G. D. (2011). Understanding campus environments. In The handbook of student affairs administration, McClellan, G. S., & Stringer, J. (Eds.). The handbook of student affairs administration. p. 59-80. John Wiley & Sons. [Google Scholar]
  25. Lakoff, G. & Johnson, M. (1980). The metaphorical structure of the human conceptual system. Cognitive science, 4(2), 195-208. [Google Scholar]
  26. Lakoff, G. (1993). The contemporary theory of metaphor, In Andrew Ortony (Ed.), Metaphor and Thought, p. 202- 251. Cambridge University Press. [Google Scholar]
  27. Lefever, R. (2012). Exploring student understandings of belonging on campus. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 4(2), 126–141. [Google Scholar]
  28. Lin, Y. (2010). Taiwanese university students’ perceptions of university life. Counseling Psychology Quarterly, 23(2), 189-202. [Google Scholar]
  29. McLaughlin, P., & Faulkner, J. (2012). Flexible spaces … what students expect from university facilities. Journal of Facilities Management, 10(2), 140–149. [Google Scholar]
  30. Müezzin, E. E. ve Kaya, A. (2018). Üniversite öğrencilerinin üniversiteye uyum ve psikolojik yardım aramaya ilişkin görüşleri [The university students’ opinions on adaptation to the university and seeking professional psychological counselling]. Education for Life, 32(1), 69-90. [Google Scholar]
  31. Oxford, R. L., Tomlinson, S., Barcelos, A., Harrington, C., Lavine, R. Z., Saleh, A., & Longhini, A. (1998). Clashing metaphors about classroom teachers: Toward a systematic typology for the language teaching field. System, 26(1), 3-50. [Google Scholar]
  32. Oyman, N. ve Şentürk, İ. (2015). Öğretmen adayları ve öğretim üyelerinin “üniversite” kavramına ilişkin metaforik algıları [Metaphorical perceptions of teacher candidates and academics about the concept of "university"].  Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi, 21(3), 367- 394.  [Google Scholar]
  33. Paulsen, J., & McCormick, A. C. (2020). Reassessing disparities in online learner student engagement in higher education. Educational Researcher, 49(1), 20-29.  [Google Scholar]
  34. Provenzo, E. F., McCloskey, G. N., Kottkamp, R. B., & Cohn, M. M. (1989). Metaphor and meaning in the language of teachers. Teachers College Record, 90(4), 551-573.  [Google Scholar]
  35. Rainey, K., Dancy, M., Mickelson, R., Stearns, E., & Moller, S. (2018). Race and gender differences in how sense of belonging influences decisions to major in STEM. International Journal of STEM Education, 5(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-018-0115-6 [Google Scholar] [Crossref] 
  36. Saylık, A. & Saylık, N. (2021). Metaphors developed by academics and graduate students for “University in Turkey”. Ekev Akademi Dergisi, 25(86), 69-90. [Google Scholar]
  37. Schmitt, R. (2005). Systematic metaphor analysis as a method of qualitative research. The Qualitative Report, 10(2), 358-394. [Google Scholar]
  38. Shen, X., & Tian, X. (2012). Academic culture and campus culture of universities. Higher Education Studies, 2(2), 61-65.  [Google Scholar]
  39. Snodgrass, A., & Coyne, R. (1992). Models, metaphors, and the hermeneutics of designing. Design Issues, 9(1), 56-74. [Google Scholar]
  40. Şahin, M. & Yıldız, R. (2006). Liseli gençliğin üniversite algılaması ve gelecek tasarımı [Future design and university perceptions of the high school adolescence]. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 14, 85-104. [Google Scholar]
  41. Tural, D. (2011). Üniversite öğrencilerinin üniversite ve ideal üniversite algıları (Gaziantep üniversitesi örneği) [University students' perceptions of university and ideal university (Example of Gaziantep University)]. (Unpublished Master Thesis), Gaziantep Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü [Google Scholar]
  42. Tutal, O. (2018). Üniversite yerleşkeleri ve erişilebilirlik [Unıversıty campuses and accessibility]. Avrasya Uluslararası Araştırmalar Dergisi, 6(15), 753-775. [Google Scholar]
  43. Uğurlu, Z. (2018). The metaphors teacher candidates produced concerning university notion. Journal of Contemporary Administrative Science, 5(1), 80-93. [Google Scholar]
  44. Uzunyol, T. (2019). The relationship between campus life and student’s perception: Effects of campus practices on the cultural capital of university students. (Unpublished Master Thesis), Middle East Technical University, Ankara. [Google Scholar]
  45. Wan, W. (2012). Using Metaphorical conceptualization to construct and develop ESL students’ writing: an exploratory study (Unpublished Doctoral dissertation), University of York. [Google Scholar]
  46. Williams, D. A. (2013). Strategic diversity leadership: Activating change and transformation in higher education. Sterling, VA: Stylus. [Google Scholar]
  47. Yaylalı-Yıldız, B. (2020). Bir yaşam alanı olarak university [University as a living space].  Mimarlık, 342, 106-111.  [Google Scholar]